Important Information for Providers Serving Virginia Medicaid Patients

During the Public Health Emergency (PHE), the Commonwealth of Virginia has maintained coverage for the Medicaid patient population thanks to the flexibilities and waivers afforded by state emergency orders and federal legislation. When Virginia is no longer under the PHE, the Department of Medical Assistance Services will begin their normal monthly practice of renewing Medicaid recipients. This means some patients previously enrolled may no longer be eligible or ensured covered.

Although Medicaid recipients cannot renew their coverage yet, they can begin updating their address and contact information now to make the renewal process more efficient. When talking with your patients who have Medicaid, encourage them to make sure their contact information, especially their address, is current and correct with the Department of Medical Assistance Services.

DMAS is also asking all Medicaid providers to familiarize their staff with the items that will remain active under the federal public health emergency and which items have now expired at the state level.

More Information and DMAS Updates for Medicaid Providers

National Nutrition Month: Help Patients Make Healthy Eating a Priority — Even On the Go

“I want to eat healthy, but I just don’t have the time.”

Sound familiar?

For National Nutrition Month, it’s important to recognize that time is the one thing we never have enough of. Just like you, your patients have long to-do lists and busy schedules. Unfortunately, when time is short, healthy eating often goes out the window.

You know diets high in saturated fat, sodium, and sugar can lead to conditions like obesity, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and heart disease. In fact, most of the sodium we consume comes from restaurant, processed, packaged, and store-bought food — the very things we reach for when we’re in a hurry.

It’s important to help patients make healthy eating a priority — even on the go. Beyond informing them about health risks and encouraging them to make better choices, this list offers specific tips you can share to help patients eat healthy, or at least healthier, when time is tight and they’re on the move.

Healthy Eating Tips on the Go for National Nutrition Month

Make sure being busy isn’t an excuse for your patients to ignore their healthy eating goals, from what they choose to eat and even how they prepare it. Share these healthy eating tips to give them actionable ways to make better choices, even on the go:

Work, Activities, and More

  1. Keep fresh fruit handy as a snack. Oranges, bananas, and apples don’t need constant refrigeration.
  2. Pack lunch, dinner, and/or snacks to stay in control of options.
  3. Avoid or limit sugar-loaded fancy coffee drinks.
  4. Stay hydrated — thirst often disguises itself as hunger.
  5. Pack last night’s healthy dinner leftovers for lunch.
  6. Beware of mindless munching.
  7. Travel with smart nonperishable options for snacks or even lunch in a pinch. Try low-sugar, high protein energy bars or single-serve whole grain cereal packs.
  8. Choose foods high in protein and fiber to stay fuller longer.
  9. Don’t skip meals.
  10. Sip water.
  11. Avoid the sugar load of office cake or pastries, which can decrease your energy. Take one bite, say, “No thank you,” or leave it on the table.

Home

  1. Drink water with every meal.
  2. Canned and frozen veggies are speedy sides and can be more nutritious than fresh.
  3. Don’t skip breakfast! Grab-and-go choices include low-fat cheese sticks, fresh fruit, and low-fat yogurt tubes or smoothies.
  4. Do meal prep like chopping in advance so meals come together faster.
  5. Use prewashed, precut veggies to save time.
  6. Purchase low fat and low sugar frozen desserts.
  7. Freeze leftovers from healthy meals, they’re perfect for heating up in a pinch.
  8. Use leftover, prepped, or precut veggies to make a quick at-home salad bar.
  9. Weekends are a good time to batch cook for the week or stock the freezer.
  10. Bake potatoes ahead of time so they’re ready to heat and serve.

Fast Food

  1. Go for grilled menu choices.
  2. Only eat a few fries or skip them all together.
  3. Adults can order a kid-sized meal.
  4. Drink water or unsweet tea instead of sweet tea or soda.
  5. Skip the cheese and bacon on a burger.
  6. Choose wheat over white.
  7. Load up the veggies on sandwiches and burgers.
  8. Don’t double patties or super-size anything.
  9. Order thin crust instead of thick and skip pizza toppings like pepperoni.
  10. Choose low-fat salad dressing like vinaigrettes instead of creamy options.

Restaurants & Takeout

  1. Choose a veggie-heavy entrée.
  2. Avoid creamy or cheesy sauces.
  3. Opt for broiled, grilled, or baked instead of fried.
  4. Start with a salad to fill up more before the main course.
  5. Control portions — take extra food to go or split a meal with someone.
  6. Order chicken or fish instead of beef.
  7. Select smart sides, like a salad instead of mac and cheese.
  8. Ask for sauces and dressings on the side and control the amount.
  9. Put down the salt — restaurant food is usually already high in sodium.
  10. Skip the freebies like chips or bread.

We hope this list of specific tips helps you help patients make healthy eating a priority — even on the go. Bonus: We encourage you to use National Nutrition Month as an opportunity to apply these healthy eating tips to your own busy lifestyle!

Written By:
Mary Schmidt, MD, FIDSA, MPH

The information contained in this article is for educational purposes only and does not constitute health care advice.

Telephone Communication for Healthcare Providers: Safety Strategies

Nicole Franklin, MS, CPHRM, Patient Safety Risk Manager II, The Doctors Company

When casually or carelessly conducted, telephone communications can lead to diagnostic errors and misunderstandings that may culminate in professional malpractice claims.

Mitigate Malpractice Risk: Telephone Communication with Patients

Creating comprehensive, clear guidelines for telephone encounters with patients is critical in mitigating risk. Establish practice guidelines and ensure that all office and clinical staff are trained on their roles in communicating with patients by telephone. Protect yourself from potential liability by following these general practices:

  • Smile when greeting patients. Research has shown that people are able to tell if you are smiling by the tone of your voice.
  • Triage and refer all critical calls to emergency services. For more information on this topic, read the article Telephone Triage and Medical Advice Protocols.
  • Obtain as much information as possible about the patient’s presenting complaint. Listen carefully and allow the caller both the time and opportunity to ask questions.
  • Use easy-to-understand language that avoids medical terminology.
  • Obtain the services of an interpreter if you encounter a language difficulty. For more information, see ADA Requirements: Effective Communication.
  • Avoid distractions, such as checking email or attending to other duties, when speaking with patients.
  • Adhere to HIPAA rules and regulations to maintain patient privacy when communicating over the telephone, both inside and outside the office.
  • Develop written protocols for front office/unlicensed personnel to help them respond to patient questions and concerns.
  • Prescribe or advise by telephone only when you have reviewed the patient’s allergies, medications, and medical and surgical history. For more information on this topic, read our article Rx for Patient Safety: Use Ask Me 3 to Improve Patient Engagement and Communication.
  • Accept a third party’s description of a medical or dental condition only when you have confidence in that person’s competence to describe what he or she sees.
  • Make prompt referrals if the patient’s call concerns a medical or dental problem that is outside your expertise.
  • Confirm that pharmacists understand all dosages and instructions for drug prescriptions given by telephone.
  • Verify and document the patient’s adherence with telephone advice through a follow-up contact to ensure continuity of care.

Document All Telephone Communication to Mitigate Malpractice Risk

Disagreements about what was said during telephone conversations can be a major problem in professional malpractice cases. Follow these documentation processes to mitigate potential miscommunication and risk:

  • Document all patient telephone conversations in the medical or dental record—including those received and returned after hours. Include the date and time of each contact and when follow-up is completed.
  • Record all details immediately about the information you received, what you advised, and the orders you gave.
  • Implement an office process for calls received during office hours. Office staff should tell the caller when the provider is most likely to return the call. Include tracking and follow-up to ensure that the caller’s questions and problems are resolved and documented.
  • Document a patient’s hospital medical record with telephone conversations about the hospitalized patient—including any conversations with nurses or other providers.

Health Care Expenditures Attributable to Primary Care Physician Overall and Burnout-Related Turnover: A Cross-sectional Analysis

Abstract

Objective

To estimate the excess health care expenditures due to US primary care physician (PCP) turnover, both overall and specific to burnout.

Methods

We estimated the excess health care expenditures attributable to PCP turnover using published data for Medicare patients, calculated estimates for non-Medicare patients, and the American Medical Association Masterfile. We used published data from a cross-sectional survey of US physicians conducted between October 12, 2017, and March 15, 2018, of burnout and intention to leave one’s current practice within 2 years by primary care specialty to estimate excess expenditures attributable to PCP turnover due to burnout. A conservative estimate from the literature was used for actual turnover based on intention to leave. Additional publicly available data were used to estimate the average PCP panel size and the composition of Medicare and non-Medicare patients within a PCP’s panel.

Results

Turnover of PCPs results in approximately $979 million in excess health care expenditures for public and private payers annually, with $260 million attributable to PCP burnout-related turnover.

Conclusion

Turnover of PCPs, including that due to burnout, is costly to public and private payers. Efforts to reduce physician burnout may be considered as one approach to decrease US health care expenditures.

One of the more pervasive and prevent-able sources of disruptions to patient care is the occupational syndrome of burnout. The consequences of physician burnout are wide-ranging and include…

Read the Full Article

Why America Has So Few Doctors

As a matter of basic economics, fewer doctors means less care and more expensive services. | By Derek Thompson via The Atlantic

The U.S. is one of the only developed countries to force aspiring doctors to earn a four-year bachelor’s degree and then go to medical school for another four years. (Most European countries have one continuous six-year program.) Then come the years of residency training. Many graduates have $200,000 to $400,000 in outstanding student loans when they enter the workforce. Medical education is a necessary good; nobody wants charlatans in the OR and snake-oil salesmen prescribing arthritis medication. What I’m asking is: What advantage do these additional years and loans get us?

Keep Reading

Dr. Lorna Breen Heroes’ Foundation Hails Senate Passage of Legislation Protecting Healthcare Workers’ Mental Health

The Dr. Lorna Breen Heroes’ Foundation today praised the U.S. Senate for passing the Dr. Lorna Breen Health Care Provider Protection Act. The legislation is named after Dr. Lorna Breen, a New York City emergency room physician who tragically died by suicide in Spring 2020 after treating confirmed COVID-19 patients, aims to reduce the stigma of seeking mental health assistance among health care professionals.

Jennifer Breen Feist and Corey Feist, co-founders of the Dr. Lorna Breen Heroes’ Foundation released a video praising the bill’s passage.

“We want to take a moment with you to pause and let all those health care professionals know that we heard you and we have been working diligently to support you,” said Jennifer Breen Feist, co-founder of the Dr. Lorna Breen Heroes’ Foundation. “We owe each of you our deepest gratitude for all you’ve done for us and for this country.”

Read the Full Article

Looking for confidential support in Virginia? SafeHaven™ was founded in 2020 after recognizing a greater need to provide physicians and PAs the support they need to stay well and prevent burnout. Learn more here.

Health Commissioner Update: COVID-19 Update for Virginia | February 17, 2022

Dear Colleague:

Thank you for your continued partnership in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic.  Please visit the Virginia Department of Health (VDH) website for current clinical and public health guidance, epidemiologic data, and other information.  Updates on the following topics are included in this correspondence:

  • CDC Updates Vaccine Recommendations for Immunocompromised Individuals and Those Who Received Passive Antibody Products
  • FDA Grants Emergency Use Authorization to Bebtelovimab
  • New Isolation and Quarantine Calculators
  • National Blood Shortage

Read the Full Update

Health Commissioner Update: COVID-19 Update for Virginia | February 10, 2022

via VDH

Dear Colleague:

Thank you for your continued partnership in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic.  Please visit the Virginia Department of Health (VDH) website for current clinical and public health guidance, epidemiologic data, and other information.  Updates on the following topics are included in this correspondence:

  • State Health Commissioner Issues Interim Guidelines for the Prioritization of the Use of Rapid COVID-19 Tests
  • CDC Recommends FDA-Approved Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine
  • Therapeutics Updates
  • CDC and CMS Updates for Infection Prevention in Healthcare Settings
  • Keeping Up With COVID Video Series

State Health Commissioner Issues Interim Guidelines for the Prioritization of the Use of Rapid COVID-19 Tests

In response to Governor Youngkin’s COVID-19 Action Plan, VDH recently issued new Interim Guidelines for the Prioritization of the Use of Rapid COVID-19 Tests.  Due to nationwide challenges in the supply chain, combined with a surge in demand for testing due to the Omicron surge of cases, there is a strain on the COVID-19 testing system in the Commonwealth.  Testing remains an important tool to guide the care of individuals and to prevent transmission to others.  In general, testing should be prioritized for people who have symptoms and/or have had a known exposure.  Additionally, healthcare providers should review the guidelines and prioritize available rapid tests in accordance with the guidance to the extent possible.  As cases decline and demand for testing decreases, providers are advised to expand testing as appropriate.  As a reminder, a negative test is not required to be released from isolation and quarantine.

Additionally, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently updated its Molecular Diagnostic Tests for SARS-CoV-2 page to specify which authorized tests are designed with single or multiple viral targets.  Tests with single targets are more susceptible to changes in performance due to viral mutations because they are more likely to fail to detect new variants.   In contrast, tests with multiple targets are more likely to continue to perform well with the emergence of new variants.

CDC Recommends FDA-Approved Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine

FDA granted full approval to the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine on January 31 and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended the vaccine for people 18 years of age and older on February 4. The vaccine, which will be marketed as Spikevax, will be the country’s second fully approved vaccine to protect against COVID-19 and will be administered as a two-dose primary series.  FDA’s Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for Moderna COVID-19 vaccine will continue to cover the two-dose primary series for individuals aged 18 years and older, the administration of a third dose to certain immunocompromised individuals aged 18 years and older, and a single booster dose for individuals aged 18 years and older at the recommended interval following the completion of a COVID-19 vaccine primary series.  The FDA-approved vaccine and the FDA-authorized vaccine have the same formulation, and the two can be stored, handled, and used interchangeably.  The FDA has updated its Spikevax and Moderna fact sheets for healthcare providers administering vaccines and for recipients and caregivers and should continue to be distributed at the time of vaccination. CDC will be updating their Interim Clinical Considerations for Use of COVID-19 Vaccines Currently Authorized in the United States to reflect these changes.

The FDA Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee (VRBPAC) will also be meeting on Tuesday, February 15 to discuss Pfizer-BioNTech’s data on its COVID-19 vaccine for children aged 6 months to 4 years.  The VRBPAC meeting will be able to be viewed via live stream, and additional meeting information will be available on their site.

Therapeutics Updates

On January 24, 2022, the FDA revised the EUA fact sheets for REGEN-COV and bamlanivimab/etesevimab (bam/ete) to limit their use to only when the patient is likely to be exposed or infected with a COVID-19 variant susceptible to these treatments.  REGEN-COV and bam/ete are highly unlikely to be effective against Omicron.  Due to the Omicron surge, HHS has paused allocations of REGEN-COV and bam/ete until further notice.

Demand for Sotrovimab is decreasing, following a decrease in case rates as well as increased availability of oral antivirals.  Molnupiravir is available for providers to order in Vaxmax.  Please note that providers should only order Molnupiravir through Vaxmax if the dispensing site is a pharmacy or if the facility has a “Physician Selling Controlled Substances Facility Permit,” issued by the Board of Pharmacy.  Paxlovid will become available for ordering through Vaxmax when supply is more readily available.

CDC and CMS Updates for Infection Prevention in Healthcare Settings

On February 2, 2022, CDC updated Interim Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations for Healthcare Personnel During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic and descriptions are provided regarding “up to date” COVID-19 vaccination status for healthcare personnel, patients, and visitors.  CDC continues to emphasize that anyone with even mild symptoms of COVID-19, regardless of vaccination status, should receive a viral test as soon as possible.  Asymptomatic patients in any healthcare setting with close contact with someone with SARS-CoV-2 infection, regardless of vaccination status, should have a series of two viral tests immediately (but not earlier than 24 hours after the exposure) and, if negative, again 5–7 days after the exposure.

In areas with substantial to high community transmission, CDC recommends a NIOSH-approved N95 or equivalent or higher-level respirator when caring for patients not known or suspected to have SARS-CoV-2 infection in the following higher-risk situations: all aerosol-generating procedures; higher-risk surgical procedures; and in situations where additional risks for infection are present.  These situations include caring for a patient who is not up to date with their vaccines, the patient is not able to wear source control, or the area is poorly ventilated.

On February 2, 2022, CDC updated Interim Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations to Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Spread in Nursing Homes and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services updated their nursing home visitation FAQs.  In nursing homes, residents who are not up to date with all recommended COVID-19 vaccine doses and are new admissions or readmissions should be placed in quarantine, even if they have a negative test upon admission; COVID-19 vaccination should also be offered.  VDH Recommendations for Hospitalized Patients Being Discharged to a Long-Term Care Facility During the COVID-19 Pandemic were updated February 9, 2022.

VDH Presents Keeping Up With COVID Video Series

VDH’s Health Professionals page is excited to announce the Keeping Up With COVID video series.  Each Monday, the page will feature a new short video on a topic of interest to keep providers up to date on new COVID-19 information.

Thank you for your continued partnership as we respond to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Sincerely,

Colin M. Greene, MD, MPH
Acting State Health Commissioner

Biden-Harris Administration Will Cover Free Over-the-Counter COVID-19 Tests Through Medicare

Via cms.gov Newsroom

As part of the Biden-Harris Administration’s ongoing efforts to expand Americans’ access to free testing, people in either Original Medicare or Medicare Advantage will be able to get over-the-counter COVID-19 tests at no cost starting in early spring. Under the new initiative, Medicare beneficiaries will be able to access up to eight over-the-counter COVID-19 tests per month for free. Tests will be available through eligible pharmacies and other participating entities. This policy will apply to COVID-19 over-the-counter tests approved or authorized by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

This is the first time that Medicare has covered an over-the-counter test at no cost to beneficiaries. There are a number of issues that have made it difficult to cover and pay for over-the-counter COVID-19 tests. However, given the importance of expanding access to testing, CMS has identified a pathway that will expand access to free over-the-counter testing for Medicare beneficiaries. This new initiative will enable payment from Medicare directly to participating pharmacies and other participating entities to allow Medicare beneficiaries to pick up tests at no cost. CMS anticipates that this option will be available to people with Medicare in the early spring.

Until then, people with Medicare can access free tests through a number of channels established by the Biden-Harris Administration. Medicare beneficiaries can:

  • Request four free over-the-counter tests for home delivery at covidtests.gov.
  • Access COVID-19 tests through healthcare providers at over 20,000 free testing sites nationwide. A list of community-based testing sites can be found here.
  • Access lab-based PCR tests and antigen tests performed by a laboratory when the test is ordered by a physician, non-physician practitioner, pharmacist, or other authorized health care professional at no cost. In addition to accessing a COVID-19 lab test ordered by a health care professional, people with Medicare can also already access one lab-performed test without an order, also without cost sharing, during the public health emergency.

In addition:

  • Medicare Advantage plans may offer coverage and payment for over-the-counter COVID-19 tests as a supplemental benefit in addition to covering Medicare Part A and Part B benefits, so Medicare beneficiaries covered by Medicare Advantage should check with their plan to see if it includes such a benefit.
  • All Medicare beneficiaries with Part B are eligible for the new benefit, whether enrolled in a Medicare Advantage plan or not.

For more information, please see the FAQ Fact Sheet.

As Corporate Entities Enter Healthcare, Practices Can Respond via Patient-Centered Care

Richard E. Anderson, MD, FACP, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, The Doctors Company and TDC Group

Retail medicine and private equity are important drivers of primary care delivery in the U.S., and they are poised to become even more so. Corporate entities have always been involved in healthcare, but now mega corporations—from outside the medical space—are entering the field. The involvement of these large non-legacy corporate entities in healthcare is growing and is challenging—and while this trend brings some benefits, it will also impact how all clinicians provide healthcare.

In a single quarter of 2021, private equity firms acquired $126 billion in medical practices. And these private equity firms, formerly mostly interested in specialty practices, have now set their sights on primary care. Similarly, the expansion of retail medicine into traditional areas of physician practice has been massive. For context, here’s a quick snapshot of the retail medicine landscape:

Let’s focus on several of these.

Amazon Brings Credibility to Claims of Service

As Amazon continues their push into the healthcare space, they have several advantages. One is their remarkable reputation for customer service. As they move into healthcare, they will have significant credibility in claims they make about providing better service, better access, better prices, and better convenience. Traditional healthcare will struggle to match them.

We clinicians are aware of the distinction between medicine’s definition of “patient-centered care” and retail’s perspective on “customer service.” Yet despite the profession’s emphasis on patient-centered care for several decades, we haven’t fully achieved it. That’s one reason that these new healthcare entities will exert broad downward economic pressure on primary care practices.

But Amazon’s expanding influence goes beyond drawing patients away from individual small practices. Nobody has more data than Amazon—between Whole Foods, Alexa, and Prime members—and this data can be used to shape healthcare delivery. Moreover, Amazon is in the process of developing nationwide pharmacy availability, a hospital at home partnership with leading healthcare providers, and an accelerator for healthcare startups. Clearly, Amazon plans to develop into a major player in healthcare delivery.

Walmart Brings Experience as an Insurer—Plus Affordable Prescriptions

Walmart seems to be one company that is able to compete, at least along some metrics, head to head to head with Amazon. Though Walmart once had a terrible reputation for not providing healthcare insurance for their own employees, they now provide substantial coverage. And they already have more than a million people in their own insurance plan. It may not be long before Walmart starts providing a health insurance plan for non-employees.

In addition, Walmart has done some very commendable things in the realm of pharmaceutical pricing. Walmart provides most of the most common generic drugs for a flat $4 per prescription, which is a true blessing for many people. In addition, while the cost of some proprietary insulins runs to thousands of dollars a month, Walmart has its own private-label version of analogue insulin, which it makes available at very nominal cost. That’s not only an important service, but a visionary one.

We’ll see how the healthcare competition between Walmart and Amazon shapes up over time, but the outcome is likely to have a major impact on pricing and service in many areas of clinical practice.

Health Insurers Bring Their Ambition to Become Healthcare Providers—At Scale

Health insurers are not just financing care. They’re providing care. Optum, working under its parent company, UnitedHealth Group, purchased its first medical practice 15 years ago. Today, they own the practices of 56,000 physicians in 1,600 clinics, representing $40 billion a year of revenue. By 2028, their expressed goal is to reach $100 billion in revenue. Optum is far from the only player in this space, but it is the biggest.

This is a different model of healthcare delivery, with a real potential for conflicts of interest. As this trend accelerates, it is conceivable that health insurance will come to cover an increasingly limited range of clinical options.

Private Equity Brings Ongoing Disruption

The model of private equity—invest, disrupt, exit— wouldn’t seem to fit healthcare. Nonetheless, as the first wave of private equity investments matures, we’ll see what those exits look like. Who will buy these companies and practices? They will be sold, presumably, at much higher valuations than before. This means that revenue and operational efficiencies will become more important than ever, and the management agreements that may have been attractive in the initial partnership may or may not be continued into the new partnership. Regardless, when we see that private equity firms acquired $126 billion in medical practices in a single quarter of 2021, we must expect that pressure will increase on physician-owned practices to compete with the challenges presented by private equity investment.

Can Medicine Compete Through Patient-Centered Care?

If we want to continue to be the driving force in our healthcare system, when medical professionals say “patient-centered care,” we’re really going to have to mean it. We’re going to have to mean it in the customer-service-forward way practiced by corporations like Amazon or Nordstrom or FedEx. After a decade of talking about “patient-centered care,” although we know what it should mean, it isn’t what we typically offer. We need to stop requiring outpatients to see multiple doctors, labs, and imaging centers in different locations at different times, and then to hope that someone thoughtfully acts on the results. That isn’t how we access services anywhere else in the economy. Retail medicine is making significant inroads into primary care by providing rapid access at convenient locations at lower cost.

We should recognize that some of the disruption in healthcare today is actually healthy, because it is based on the pressing need for improved healthcare access, healthcare equity, and healthcare literacy. That said, as these new forces in healthcare compete to recruit new medical school graduates, they will also disrupt the day-to-day operations of many existing physician practices. Instead of reacting in surprise when these forces reach the door of our practice or our healthcare system—if they haven’t already—we would be wise to think now about how we should respond.

We would like to know what steps your practice or medical system has already taken in response to large non-legacy corporate entities delivering healthcare. Please answer this poll, and we will provide an update with your responses.

To discover more about upcoming changes, read our whitepaper, What U.S. Healthcare Will Look Like in 2032.

Begin the Poll

The guidelines suggested here are not rules, do not constitute legal advice, and do not ensure a successful outcome. The ultimate decision regarding the appropriateness of any treatment must be made by each healthcare provider considering the circumstances of the individual situation and in accordance with the laws of the jurisdiction in which the care is rendered.